Adjektivdeklination

In German language, when an adjective comes before a noun, we must modify the adjective according to the noun. That means the adjective gets an ending and this is called adjektivdeklination. Adjektivdeklination is one of the key fundamental grammatical topics of German language like Artikel and Kasus. If you don’t understand these topics clearly, it will be really hard for you to learn the language.

The easiest way to understand adjektivdeklination is that to devide it into two segments one is Adjektivdeklination Ohne Artikel (without article) and another is Adjektivdeklination  Mit Artikel (with article). Don’t worry! I will explain these two segments elaborately below.

1.Adjektivdeklination Ohne Artikel/Null (0) Artikel

1.1) If there is no article before the adjective, we have to add an ending with the adjective according to the ending of bestimmte (der die das…..) article of the noun.

For example:

  • Das sind grüne Tomaten. (die Tomaten)
    In this sentence, we don’t have an article before the adjective (grün). Therefore, we added an ending “e” with grün as it is ‘die Tomaten’. This is how it has been “grüne Tomaten”
  • Das ist heißer Kaffee (der Kaffe, Nominativ)
  •  Hier ist kühles Bier (das Bier, Nominativ)
  • Ich kaufe holländischen Käse (den Käse, Akkusativ)

1.2) There are only a certain umbestimmt (ein), negation (kein), and possessiv Artikel (mien, dein, sein, unser, euer, ihr, Ihr) those are considered as “ø Artikel”/ ohne Artikel/ ohne ending Artikel. That means if we have one of these Artikel before Adjektiv, we add an ending with the Adjektiv according to the ending of the bestimmt Artikel of the noun [ like as rule 1,1]

For Example:

  • Bahar ist ein junger Mann (der Mann)
    In this sentence, “ein” is one of the “ohne endung Artikel”s. Therefore, we added an ending “er” with jung as it is der Mann. This is how it has been “ein junger Mann”
  • Es ist kein schönes Auto (das Auto)

In the following table you will have a summery of rules No. 1.1 & 1.2: 

Adjektivdeklination Tabelle Ohne Artikel

Adjektivdeklination tabelle mentioned in the below gives you an overview of “Adjektivdeklination ohne Artikel”

2.Adjektivdeklination mit Artikel

If there is any kind of article like Bestimt, Unbestimt, Negation, and Possessiv (except: ein, kein, mein, sein, dein, ihr, Ihr, euer, and unser. Because these articles are considered as “null article” or “ohne Endung” article in Adjektivdeklination. So if you have one of these articles, you have to follow the rule 1.2 of the segment 1) before the adjective , you have to add the ending according to the following rules.

2.1) If we have one of these three articles i) der, ii) die* (singular)/ eine/keine/meine, iii) das before the adjective, we have to add “e” end of the adjective
* if “die” refers any plural noun, it is considered as rule No. 2.2 
For Example:

  • Der große Baum sieht schön aus. (nominativ singular)
  • Ich habe keine kurze Hose. (Akkusativ singular)
  • Er hat das kleine Auto gekauft. (Akk. Sing.)

2.2) For all other articles except the articles mentioned in rule No. 2.1 and rule No. 1.2, we have to add “en” at the end of the adjective.
For Example:

  • Ich klettere auf den großen Baum. (Akkusativ. maskulin. Singular)
  • Ich laufe durch den Wald mit dem schönen Baum. (Dativ singular)

In the following table you will have summery of rule No. 2.1 & 2.2:

Adjektivdeklination Tabelle Mit Bestimt, Unbestimt, Negation, and Possessiv Artikel

Adjektivdeklination tabelle mentioned in the below gives you an overview of “Adjektivdeklination mit Artikel”

adjektivdeklination

Conclusion

To be master in Adjektivdeklination, ask one question whenever you get an adjective before noun. The question is:  Is there any article before the adjective? If your answer is yes, then follow the rules 1.1 and if your answer is no, then follow one of these three rules: 1.2 or 2.1 or 2.2. Very simple! Isn’t it?

Adjektivdeklination Tabelle

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Adjektivdeklination Übung (exercise)

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Übung/Exercise
Lösung/Answer

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